Handelsregister numbers: HRB/HRA references explained

How Handelsregister references are typically written and how to avoid ambiguity.

This page explains how Handelsregister numbers are formatted (e.g., HRB/HRA + court + number) and how they are referenced in documents.

Who this page helps

  • Teams storing German register references in CRMs or KYC notes
  • Readers decoding the meaning of HRB/HRA + number
  • Anyone matching filings or publications to a record

Use it when

  • You are standardizing how you write register references
  • You need to split “HRB 12345” into parts for internal records
  • You want to understand why the same number can exist elsewhere

Not for

  • Confirming the authenticity of a specific document
  • Automated lookups or scraping
  • Legal advice
Last reviewed: January 26, 2026 Methodology Primary sources

What makes a complete reference

Best practice format: {Register court} — {Section} {Number}

Example (synthetic): Amtsgericht Köln — HRB 456789

Why the number is not unique nationwide

Recording tips for real workflows

What makes a complete reference

Best practice format: {Register court} — {Section} {Number}

Example (synthetic): Amtsgericht Köln — HRB 456789

Why the number is not unique nationwide

Recording tips for real workflows

What a register number is

A Handelsregister number is the identifier of an entry within a register court’s register section. It is usually written with the section prefix (HRB or HRA) followed by a number. The number is not globally unique by itself; it must be interpreted with the responsible register court.

Common formats

A standard way to cite an entry is to name the court and then the section and number, for example: “Amtsgericht [City], HRB 12345”. In documents, you may also see the prefix and number adjacent to the company name. The company’s name alone is not a substitute for the register reference because names can change and similar names can exist.

Avoiding ambiguity

When you capture register information, always capture the court, the section, and the number. If you need to match two documents, compare the full set: name, legal form, seat, and reference. A mismatch in court or section is a strong sign you are looking at a different entry.

Related identifiers

A Handelsregister number is different from tax identifiers (Steuernummer, Steuer‑ID, USt‑IdNr) and from international identifiers like LEI. Those identifiers have separate issuing rules and are not a substitute for the register reference.

Examples (illustrative)

Example referenceWhat it implies
Amtsgericht München HRB 12345Company entry in HRB section at the Munich register court
Amtsgericht Hamburg HRA 67890Merchant/partnership entry in HRA section at the Hamburg register court

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